Conclusions of the Conference on Technical Innovations in Road Construction: The Machinery and Legislation

Definitive conclusions

CONFERENCE ON TECHNICAL INNOVATIONS IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION: MACHINERY AND ITS LEGISLATION

Toledo, 6-8 2002 November

Madrid, December 4, 2002.- Throughout the three days that these Conference have lasted, the central theme has been Technical Innovations in Road Construction, paying special attention to Machinery and its Legislation. The organization of this event has been the responsibility of the Spanish Road Association (AEC), with the collaboration of the Castilla La Mancha Community Board. The General Speaker was Mr. Roberto García Ovejero, Head of Product of Finanzauto, SA and Consultant of Euroequipos & Obras, assisted by three day coordinators: Mr. Francisco Ballester Muñoz, Professor of Construction Engineering at the ETS of Civil Engineers, Canals and Ports of the University of Cantabria and Director of the Department of Transport and Project Technology of the same University; Mr. Juan Antonio Muro Murillo, Machinery Director of FCC Construcción, SA; and Mr. Gregorio Nieto García, Director of Prevention of the OHL Group.

HE opened the conference. Mr. D. Alejandro Gil Díaz, Minister of Public Works of the Regional Government of Castile-La Mancha, which focuses its intervention on the importance of roads and the recent development in Castilla La Mancha and in Spain during the last 20 years, and congratulations to the Spanish Road Association for organizing the conference.

Gave the floor to Mr. Aniceto Zaragoza, Director General of the Spanish Road Association, and D. Roberto Garcia Shepherd, General Rapporteur of the Conference, who explain the commitment of the Association in road construction, respectively, and the security; and efficacy of the three coordinators day in the process of preparation and conduct of the conference.

SUMMARY OF PRESENTATIONS

We reproduce below a summary of the 3 working sessions controlled by each of the three coordinators of day, and chaired by the Rapporteur General. This summary highlights the most important of the above in each of the 17 papers.

As can be seen, all the papers had great interest and were made by people at the highest level in each subject. The texts of these have been collected in a book that was delivered at the beginning of the technical sessions.

1ª WORKING SESSION
Machines for Earthworks and TBMs

Paper nº1 - Machines for earthworks and tunnel boring machines 
(Francisco Ballester)

In the introduction to the session, the same coordinator, Professor D. Francisco Ballester, first explained the evolution undergone by earthmoving machines. An evolution that has been introduced in these new technologies mainly seeking improved their production efficiencies and providing greater security, manageability and environmental respect.

At the end raised the most important aspects that will characterize the foreseeable future the machinery market, highlighting among them, major changes have occurred in the structures of both manufacturers and employers machines, standardization of products and processes, the impact of the euro and the ever increasing appearance of the rental market.

Paper nº2 - Market and Trends. AEN-CTN 115 
(D. Antonio Requena)

The presenter discussed in the first part of his presentation the Spanish market of machinery. In his analysis began reviewing the market for asphalt plants, highlighting the importance in recent years of discontinuous versus continuous plants. Comparing investments in roads recent years was analyzing sales in Spain of different earthmoving machines: excavators, loaders, scrapers, backhoe loaders, bulldozers, tractors, dumpers.

In the second part of his paper he went on to discuss the importance and the work done by the Technical Standards Committee AEN / CTN 115 "Machinery for construction, civil engineering and building". Divided into two subcommittees: the 2 and 4 where the rules on "Terms of Safety and Human Factors" and those of "commercial nomenclature, classification and Performance" are covered, having developed 99 standards.

Among all of them commented on the UNE-EN ISO 6165 "Machinery Earthworks. Basic Types. Vocabulary" by the importance of using a

denominations that prevent the development of bad definitions. He also highlighted the misuse that is made in the world of International System of Units SI, mandatory in Spain.

Paper No. 3 -Excavation, Loading and Transportation: Current Techniques
(D. Francisco Castellanos)

D. Francisco Castellanos, made a brilliant exposition very clear and concise. It developed the different aspects involved in the loading and transport in earthworks, passing along his important speech experience.

In the first part he addressed necessary to consider in the selection of the various teams, from then to study according to the type of material which are the ideal equipment for digging and loading are factors.

Having chosen the digging and loading equipment, determined the criteria for selection of transport equipment given their agreement and finally calculating yields and yields thereof.

Paper No. 4 - Tunnel Excavation 
(Hon. Mr. Carlos López)

D. Carlos López Jimeno developed a professional academic paper on tunneling techniques using explosives.

Analyzing first from a historical point of view the evolution of the equipment and its main characteristics, and later moving to the analysis of drilling in rock with tunnel boring machines and explosives considering both the design of the section layout in plan, earrings and time construction, which divided into three parts: execution, assembly and disassembly and the employee in sustaining the rock.

In the second part of the paper exposed the current and future trends in tunneling with explosives, drilling equipment and techniques, types of explosives and detonators, maintenance techniques of rock and debris clearance methods.

Presentation nº5 - Influence Factors in Cost per Ton 
(D. Francisco Carrillo)

D. Francisco Carrillo made in his speech an interesting and novel analysis of the factors involved in calculating the cost of a unit of work where machinery is mainly involved. The classic system of dividing costs on the concepts of cost of ownership and operation contributed with interesting own data the percentage passing each of them analyzing the factors that can be improved with better maintenance practices and use mostly.

By introducing the concept of production mustered one hand, the characteristics of the equipment that most affect the same, highlighting the end of the great importance in the production of both small improvements in equipment availability and efficiency machinists.

Paper nº6 - Control Systems for Earthmoving Machinery 
(D. Francisco Ballester)

Professor D. Francisco Ballester gave a detailed description of current techniques guided machinery, using criteria and defining new concepts that unify the use of this equipment, for being innovative techniques, concepts that are using come from different brands .

In the last part of his presentation he introduced the future possibilities of these reducing downtime in the works and improving efficiency systems. At the end, we introduced a realistic future commenting on the possibilities of new guidance systems based on the techniques of "Scanner", which may eventually allow "blind" or fully robotic equipment driving.

Paper nº7 - Applicable Legislation: Safety, Health and Environment 
(D. Roberto Garcia Ovejero)

Don Roberto Garcia Shepherd, General Rapporteur of this conference, held over his brilliant exposition perfect juggling act, the hardest yet, with a very extensive and difficult resumible such as legislation issue. To this is added the technique primarily feature wizards and their ignorance of these issues. The exhibition takes place early in the afternoon.

The main European directives and their transposition to Spanish laws and decrees were analyzed highlighting their importance, involving subjects and responsibilities and timeframes for implementing active.

The conclusion is simple: work technicians should know the law governing the machines in the aspects of Safety, Health and Environment, for the laws make them acquire responsibilities on them.

List of Coordinators and Speakers of the 1ª Working Session

COORDINATOR

D. Francisco Ballester Muñoz
Director of the Department of Transportation and Technology of 
Projects and Processes
Professor of Construction Engineering.
ETS of Civil Engineering, Channels and Ports.
University of Cantabria

SPEAKERS

D. Francisco Ballester Muñoz
Director of the Department of Transportation and Technology of 
Projects and Processes
Professor of Construction Engineering.
ETS of Civil Engineering, Channels and Ports.
University of Cantabria

D. Antonio Requena Rahola
Dr. Engineer Industrial
Member of 115 Standardization Committee
Earthmoving machinery
Member of the Organizing Committee SMOPIC
Jury President Technical News

D. Francisco Rodriguez Castellanos Island
Industrial Engineer
Hiring responsible for Land and Machinery Firm
Central Purchasing Service 
Dragados y Construcciones

Ilmo.Sr.D. Carlos López Jimeno
Dr. Mining Engineer
Professor of Engineering Projects 
ETS Mining Engineers. Polytechnic University of Madrid
Director General of Industry, Energy and Mines
Autonomous Community of Madrid

D. Francisco Carrillo Waiter
Dr. of Science
Head of Large Equipment and Mining 
Finanzauto, SA

D. Roberto Garcia Ovejero
Technical Engineer of Mines - Senior Technician in Prevention 
Occupational Hazard
Finanzauto Product Manager, SA
Subcommittee Chairman 4 115 AEN-CTN AENOR
Consultant "Euroequipos and Works"

2ª WORKING SESSION
Manufacturing and laying of Firmes

Lecture No. 8 - Asphalt Mixtures 
(D. Juan A. Muro)

In this paper the importance of asphalt mixtures in the construction world and its future, optimistic, in the coming years, given the forecasts of consumption of bitumen to 2005 (about 85% intended for asphalt pavements) was exposed and growth of civil works within construction activity in Europe in general and Spain in particular sector.

They were presented and discussed data from different European countries, and on time in Japan, USA, Australia and some countries overseas, about tons of asphalt hot, manufactured in 1996-2001 period and cold, in the period 1999-2001. He has described in detail in the number of installed in general and Spain in particular fixed and mobile plants, and was associated with the previous data obtained tons per year and installation, comparing with actual data obtained in our country. some technical innovations or products for improving pavements (polymer modified binders, bitumen agglomerates made with sparkling, liquid assets deodorants, etc.), and some other developing experienced and were cited.

Here are some considerations about the asphalt plants of the future were exposed to continue an overview of asphalt mixtures citing Spanish legislation that affects them, and end with an exhaustive list of North American and European manufacturers of facilities for the manufacture of mixtures asphaltic.

Paper No. 9 - Hot Recycling of Asphalt Mixtures 
(José María Navarro)

The paper starts highlighting the interest awakened recycling from both environmentally and utilization of materials, to show that while it is undergoing some change, this technique is not well developed in our country.

After some considerations about the limitations in our legislation is passed to present some concepts about study of the mixture and obtain the working formula (passed in test section), delves into the issue of making the mixture to avoid blue fumes and trying to avoid direct contact of the flame with the material to recycle, and always trying to heat the RAP by heat transfer by conduction from the new aggregates. heating technique of microwave recycled material experience of almost 20 years ago in the US and discarded, despite its advantages, for its high cost quoted.

Finally, with a rich graphical information, widely discussed various systems for recycling, hot mix asphalt, both continuous and discontinuous plant.

Paper No. 10 - Extension and Compaction of Bituminous Mixtures 
(D. Juan Antonio Fernández del Campo)

The phases comprising the laying of the mixture: transport, extension and compaction are critical for good behavior later.

Although, if the mixture does not meet the requirements to exit the manufacturing facility, commissioning work can not correct the defects. It happens that a good quality manufacturing may lead to poor layer by poor performance of its placement.

The modernization of machines and devices to achieve quality commissioning work is important. However, simultaneously becoming must demand more preparation and expertise to everyone involved in the process. Bituminous mixtures are high-performance industrial material and tight regularly.

As the existing legislation is extensive and rigorous, we have included an appendix with references in italics items Specification General Prescriptions of the Ministry of Public Works letter.

Lecture nº 11 - Machinery for stabilization of floors and treated bases in situ 
(D. Juan José Potti)

This paper starts with analysis of current machinery, thanks to the development experienced in design and technology, has significantly boosted the performance of such work units.

Getting into the technical implementation and recycling, with graphic illustration of abundant and varied practical experiences, different working configurations with emulsion tank, spreader powdery and consequent compaction equipment are discussed. As regards the latest developments, the idea behind this technique is to take advantage of the cement as active filler while maintaining the flexible properties of a treaty with bituminous binder material.

Finally, stabilization techniques in situ soil, focusing on teams conducting mechanized extension of binder (manual distribution is permitted only in other low entity), either in a powdery or grout exposed.

It concludes with the presentation of characteristics of the equipment to proceed with your selection and engagement of these within the planning and execution of the work (dimensions, motor diameter, type of helpful and number, depth of mixing, regulation, etc.).

Paper nº 12 - Concrete Concrete Construction 
(José Quereda Lavina)

The purpose of this communication is to present currently modes, means and equipment used for the construction of a firm and lasting quality with non-polluting and is commonly used as concrete inorganic raw material.

In this update, the natural sequence of operations that occur during the construction of a pavement, referring to some of the quality controls to be carried out during the execution of the work, in order to ensure follows an optimum result. On computers that employ sliding forms, with yields of placing that may exceed the daily kilometer must have effective control methods that allow to take appropriate corrective actions immediately after the error, so the more in head it can be acted better.

the various machines used in specific jobs in executing firm and infrastructure made of concrete, ranging from pavers, curing equipment and texture, bordilladoras and cunetadoras, milling equipment, cutting boards, etc. are also presented

Finally, it discusses how to assess the economic cost involved in the choice of a particular type of firm and should take into account not only what it costs their construction but also maintenance costs throughout the project period adopted. In this regard, the rapporteur stresses the advantage that concrete pavements have given low maintenance costs compared to other alternative solutions in all types of roads and highways.

List of Coordinators and Speakers of the 2ª Working Session

COORDINATOR

D. Juan Antonio Muro Murillo
Industrial Engineer - PDG IESE
Tech. Sup. And Prevention Auditor Ries. labor
Director of Machinery FCC Construcción, SA 
Commission President SEOPAN Machinery
Chairman of the Committee AEN-CTN AENOR 115

SPEAKERS

D. Juan Antonio Muro Murillo
Industrial Engineer - PDG IESE
Tech. Sup. And Prevention Auditor Ries. labor
Director of Machinery FCC Construcción, SA 
Commission President SEOPAN Machinery
Chairman of the Committee AEN-CTN AENOR 115

José María Navarro Vaquerizo
Director of Methods
FCC Construction, SA

D. Juan Antonio Fernandez and Cuevas del Campo
Professor of Engineering and Transport Infrastructure 
Polytechnic School
University of Burgos

Juan Jose Cuervo Potti D.
Director of Technology 
PROBISA, Technology and Construction SA

D. José Quereda Lavina
Director General of ACE Center

3ª WORKING SESSION

Management Models Safety and Health in Construction Spanish in the Framework of the Law on Prevention of Occupational Risks

No paper 13 - Legal Responsibilities in Occupational Risk Prevention Agents involved in the Execution of Construction Works
(Hon. Mr. Angel Luis Sánchez Iglesias)

Systems prevention of occupational hazards involving senior management of contractors, making them responsible for their implementation through the services themselves and others Prevention.

The Labour Inspectorate and the Prosecutor will act against developers when they detect breaches in their responsibilities for Occupational Health and Safety.

The Law on Prevention of Occupational Risks and Prevention Services Regulations, without more, are very difficult to apply in Construction, must fit through the RD 1627 / 1997 its specificity, it is also general. Soon there will be a Technical Guide and Plan against accidents that can affect the Act and the Act on Offences and Penalties.

Paper No. 14 - Management Model for the Prevention of Occupational Risks in Preventive Services for Large Constructors 
(Gregory D. Nieto)

It should provide models of Systems Safety Management as presented at this Conference, to serve as tools applicable to each company according to their activity and differentiated preventive policies.

It must improve the technical quality of the Studies of S and S that should be specific for each generalized work and not copies. The report approver or Plan S and S is the technical coordinator and prevention ever it develops and is subject to the approval criteria that tell other technicians.

When a change occurs the construction project, you have to develop an annex Plan S and S with the new preventive measures for approval of the coordinator.

Paper No. 15 - Model SGPRL in foreign Prevention Services for Midsize Enterprises and SMEs
(D. José Ángel Fernando)

External Prevention Services support to Own specializing in Health Surveillance and other performances of Industrial Hygiene and Ergonomics.

External Prevention Services are provided to meet the preventive management of SMEs, provided that the employer supports preventive and control policy implemented in each company.

Paper No. 16 - External evaluation of the Occupational Risk Prevention System 
(D. Andres Gonzalez)

Accounting firms, so far there have legislative auditor process and the expected legislation to unify the criteria.

Audits must be requested and delivered to senior management of companies and its goal is continuous improvement prevention system implanted in each.

Paper No. 17 - Health and Safety Management by the Largest Public Promoter 
(Hon. Mr. D. Eladio Spears Merino)

The Development Ministry is promoting SAFETY CULTURE concept and created a Permanent Group integrates business representatives, unions and Development Group managers, promoters of the works.

The Ministry of Development will affect control of outsourcing, in improving Studies and Plans S and S and intensify internal preventive training their faculty directors, coordinators, contractors and workers.

Preventive factors are introduced technical scoring procurement specifications, which are already functioning properly.

You start to notice an improvement succeeds in accident rates in the works promoted by the Ministry of Development, which are in the vicinity of 50% of the indices of the construction sector.

List of Coordinators and Speakers of the 3ª Working Session

COORDINATOR

D. Gregorio Garcia Nieto
Director of Prevention OHL Group
Subcommittee Chairman AENOR 2 115

SPEAKERS

D. Ángel Luis Sánchez Iglesias
Deputy Director General for Coordination and Institutional Relations
Inspectorate of Labour and
Social Security of the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs

D. Gregorio Garcia Nieto
Director of Prevention OHL Group
Subcommittee Chairman AENOR 2 115

Fernando José Pablo Angel
Director of Prevention FREMAP

D. Andrés González García
Audit Manager of PRL de 
Deloitte & Touche

Ilmo.Sr.D. Eladio Spears Merino
General Security Adviser Ministry of Development

CLOSING SESSION

As we said at the beginning, the Hon. Mr. D. Alejandro Gil Díaz, Minister of Public Works of the Regional Government of Castilla La Mancha, proceeded to the opening of the conference. At the end of them, he declined the honor of chairing the closing session in the person of Hon. Mr. D. Eladio Spears Merino, Director General of the Ministry of Public Works, who agrees and takes the word stressing the importance of a conference open as those made discussion, thanking the Hon. Mr. Counselor the honor of closing the ceremony and Spanish Road Association for concern in programming and its effectiveness in achieving the conference.

That said, gave the floor to Mr Roberto Garcia Shepherd, General Rapporteur of the Conference, who focused his speech in thanking attendees for their presence and participation; the speakers who delivered lectures seventeen, all the highest technical level; the three coordinators day, highlighting the effectiveness of its management; and finally, thanks to His Excellency. Mr. Minister of Public Works and the Hon. Security Advisor Mr participation.

Then thanks the Spanish Road Association the confidence to entrust the organization of the conference in the person of its President, D. Victor Montes Argüelles, who gave the floor, who in a brief and interesting speech glosses the magnificent execution presiding Association, the brilliant conduct and outcome of the conference, and gives back to word to Hon. Mr. D. Eladio Spears Merino, who made the official closing.

Conference on Technical Innovations in Road Construction: The Machinery and Legislation

Toledo, 6-8 2002 November

rapporteur General
Roberto Garcia Ovejero
Finanzauto Product Manager, SA
Euroequipos & Works Consultant